Al-Kisa’ee: Of Nahw and Nobility

July 4, 2009

As-salamu `alaykum wa rahmatullah

Imam al-Kisa’ee (one of the 7 Qurra’) penned the following poem regarding Nahw (grammar):

.
إنما النحو قياس يتبع *** وبه في كل أمر ينتفع
Indeed grammar is only a scale that’s followed
And by it, benefit is derived in every matter

فإذا ما أتقن النحو الفتى *** مر في المنطق مرا فاتسع
So if a youth perfects his knowledge of grammar
Then he excels in eloquence and expands therein

واتقاه كل من يسمعه *** من جليس ناطق أو مستمع
All who hear him stand wary of him
Every companion who sits either speaking or listening

وإذا لم يعرف النحو الفتى *** هاب أن ينطق جبنا فانقمع
And if a youth has no knowledge of grammar
Then he cowardly fears to speak, so he remains restrained

يقرأ القرآن لا يعرف *** ما صرّف الإعراب فيه وصنع
He reads the Qur’an but he does not know
What changes the I’rab brings and what function it has

فتراه ينصب الرفع وما *** كان من نصب ومن خفض رفع
So you see him cause the marfu’ to become mansub
And whatever was mansub or makhfud, he makes marfu’!

وإذا حرف جرى إعرابه *** صعب الحرف عليه وامتنع
And if a letter has no sign of I’rab
That letter puts him in difficulty and so he holds back!

يتقى اللحن إذا يقرأه *** وهو لا يدرى وفي اللحن وقع
He is fearful of falling into error when he does read
But he has no knowledge and so in error does he fall!

يلزم الذنب الذى أقرأه *** وهو لا ذنب له فيما اتبع
The sin of this is upon the one who taught him so
And there is no sin on him for what he has followed

والذى يعرفه يقرأه *** وإذا ما شاك في حرف رجع
As for him who has knowledge, reads it well (Qur’an)
And if he is doubtful over a letter, he takes to review

ناظرا فيه وفي إعرابه *** فإذا ما عرف الحق صدع
He looks to it precisely and to its I’rab
And when he finds the answer, he overcomes (the difficulty)

أهما قيه سواء عندكم *** ليست السنة فينا كالبدع
Are they one and the same in your perspective?
In our perspective, the Sunnah is not like the Bid’ah!

وكذلك العلم والجهل فخذ *** منهما ما شئت من شيء ودع
And likewise is the case of ‘ilm and jahl (ignorance)
So take from it what you wish, and leave what you wish

كم وضيع رفع النحو وكم *** من شريف قد رأيناه وضع
How many a debased one was elevated by Nahw
And how many a noble one have we seen debased?

- Imam al-Kisa’ee

Name: ‘Ali ibn Hamza ibn ‘Abdillah ibn Bahman (Abul Hasan)

Originally from Persia, he settled in Kufa. When asked about his nickname (al-Kisa’ee), he said, ‘Because I entered into Ihram (Hajj/’Umrah) dressed in a Kisaa’ (garment).’

He (rahimahullah) was not only an Imam in the Qira’at, but he was also skilled and proficient in Nahw (grammar). It is said that he sought knowledge in nahw in his later years due to the following incident:

One day, he was out walking when he became tired and sat down with a group of people whom he used to sit with a lot due to their virtue. So he said to them قد عيَّيْتُ (’I've become tired’). They said to him, ‘How can you sit with us whilst making such errors in language?!’ He said, ‘And how have I erred?’ They said, ‘If you meant to say ‘out of tiredness’ then say أعْيَيت and if you meant to say ‘out of incapacity and confusion’ then say عّيِيت’

He rejected this statement and got up immediately. He began to ask around for someone to teach him Nahw and they guided him to Mu’adh al-Harraa’ whom he studied from much. He then went to Basra and studied from the likes of ‘Isa ibn ‘Umar, al-Khalil and Yunus.

Imam al-Shafi’i
: ‘Whoever wishes to delve deep into Nahw, then he’ll be like a child compared to al-Kisa’ee.’

Ibn al-Anbar: ‘They concurred that he (al-Kisa’ee) was the most knowledgeable of Nahw, leading in understanding the gharib (unique terms in language) and the foremost in having knowledge of the Qur’an (Qira’at etc).’

A humbling experience

Imam al-Kisa’ee relates: ‘I lead Haroon al-Rashid in prayer one day and I took a liking to my recitation. But then I made a mistake that not even a child makes! I wanted to say,

ولعلهم يرجعون
‘… So that they may return’

But instead I said,

ولعلهم يرجعين
‘… So that they (she) may return’ – [In other words, he mixed up the verb indicating a single fem. subject rather than the masc. plural]

He said, ‘By Allah, Haroon didn’t have the boldness to say ‘You have made a mistake,’ but when I finished the prayer he asked me, ‘O Kisa’ee, what language/Qira’ah is this?’ I said, ‘O leader of the faithful, even the fine horses stumble at times.’ He said, ‘Yes, this is true.’

- أهميت تعلم علم النحو ومكانته عند السلف


Sujood of the Heart

July 2, 2009

As-salamu `alaykum wa rahmatullah

13255391a5145404767l.jpg sunset heart image by seoades

It was said to one of the Salaf:

‘Does the heart prostrate?’

And he said: ‘Yes, by Allah. It prostrates such that it doesn’t lift its head until it meets Allah, `azza wa jall.’

Ibn al-Qayyim: ‘This points to the humbleness of the heart, its humility, repentance and closeness to Allah wherever it may be and it points to its constant regard (for Allah) in solitude and when with others.’

- ‘Asrar al-Salat’ by Ibn al-Qayyim

- This is one interesting statement. Let’s dig deep…

The first sajdah of the heart is when it submits to its Lord and recognises His Lordship, subsequently entering into a state of complete Islam and Istislam (submission and surrender). Thereafter the heart continues to prostrate and this causes the limbs to follow suit – bringing one to physically perform sujood day and night in prayers.

What is the case then of the one who has been commanded to bow, but their heart refuses to bow? They’ve been ordered with sujood, but their forehead never touches the ground in ‘Ibadah? Such is the case of those who abandon the prayer (tarik al-salah), how can their limbs perform such a bold act of submission when their heart has yet to reach its comanded state, how can they bow in sujood when their heart has yet to fulfil its own sujood?

What then is left of their Islam and Istislam?


When You Lose Your Grandma in Makkah

June 28, 2009

As-salamu `alaykum wa rahmatullah

I felt like writing, so… :)

I thought it would never happen, but it did. My brother and I lost our grandma outside the Haram after Jumu’ah on Friday. What absolute disasterness (yes, I know there is no such word).

It was our last day in Makkah, due back in Jeddah. I suggested we wait until Maghrib and then travel back instead of going straight after Jumu’ah in the heat (my sly plan of trying to pray there as much as I could), but grandma wanted to go back to Jeddah as soon as possible to run some last minute errands. Now, my beloved grandma is not someone you can argue with, guaranteed you’ll lose every argument so I agreed and we set off in the scorching 45 C temp. to get our ride back to Jeddah. My brother and I split up in finding a good taxi for the sake of grandma as her feet had been hurting for a few weeks. When we told her we were getting a taxi she refused and said that she wanted a bus! Oh man, so we went to find a bus. A pretty ta3baan microbus pulled up next to us but it was just what grandma wanted so we got her in but soon afterwards we realised that they couldn’t take our luggage. So we got off again. By this time grandma was getting pretty frustrated so I took her to the pavement behind me and told her ‘Ok, we’ll go and get another ride, but please stay here Gran, otherwise erm, we might lose you,’ I said it sarcastically, little realising how true my words would be.

There were so many people around the mawqif that day, the Haram had been packed with worshippers who were now on the streets, some carrying their luggage, others getting into cars, buses honking, drivers shouting out destinations and prices… it was noisy, crowded and hot – the last thing I wanted that day was for us to lose each other. Off we went in different directions speaking to different drivers – some of these drivers are as sly as foxes. One actually made me laugh; we asked him ‘So how much for Jeddah?’ He tilted his head to one side, took a deep sigh and said with a fantastic degree of confidence “120 SR!” Lol. “What, and do I look like a foreigner to you?” is my usual sarcastic response to such daylight robbery (the rides are about 10 SR per person btw). Anyway, we finally found something alhamdulillah. My brother loaded the luggage and got in, I went to get grandma. I looked but she wasn’t at the place I left her. Hmm, I looked behind parked buses and walked up further to see if she went to sit elsewhere, but there was no sign of her. Hurriedly I went round again double-checking all the spots, but she was nowhere to be found. I went back to my brother,
‘Is she here?’ I asked.
‘No.’
‘Subhanallah, I can’t seem to find her.’ Off I went again but soon returned without luck. Everyone in the bus was waiting for us so I said to him, ‘Hey, get off the bus man, I think we’ve lost grandma.’
‘What?!’ says my bro. ‘Isn’t she where you left her?’
‘No man, she’s not.’

He jumped off and started getting the luggage off, sweating as if someone poured water all over him, ‘What do you mean she’s not there?’
‘I’m serious, I looked everywhere, she’s not here.’
‘I can’t believe this. Ok, you stay here and I’ll look for her.’

He went up and down the street, looked behind walls, checked every place of shade, and checked every place that had seats or people sitting. Nothing.
It was my turn; I checked the other side of the street, looked from a raised platform, and scanned the area. Subhanallah, on any other day this may have been easier but it was Friday after Jumu’ah in the busiest mosque in the entire world. To top it off, the sun was beating down hard and making it difficult to look in the distance. My brother rang me on my mobile,
‘Did you find her?’
‘No, nothing.’
‘Ok, come back, I’ll go again.’

He went and returned. I noticed he was getting worried and perhaps scared. So I said, ‘She’s gone to Jeddah.’
‘What?’
‘Trust me, she’s in Jeddah.’ More than anything I think I was just trying to ease his nerves.
He sighed. ‘What if she’s lying somewhere, passed out or something?’
‘Don’t be silly, she’s safe insha’Allah.’
‘You don’t know that.’

He was right, I didn’t. All these different thoughts started to pour into my mind. What if this happened, what if that happened? She hadn’t been eating properly and she had difficulty walking, what if something really did happen to her. I wouldn’t be able to forgive myself. My throat was dry, I couldn’t speak much.

‘Hey listen, why don’t you grab a drink for us, look for her on your way, yeah?’ He got us some cold drinks, but they became warm within minutes – the heat was a right killer.

‘Asr adhan went off. The number of people coming out of the hotels to go to the mosque grew in number and the place became even more populated and noisy. It was hopeless finding anyone in this chaos. We went and prayed in the courtyard of the Haram, constantly keeping watch for our lost one.

My brother must’ve had more faith in me than I thought. He phoned our relatives in Jeddah to see if she had arrived there. But she wasn’t there.

‘They said they haven’t heard from her.’
‘Did they say anything else?’ I asked.
‘No, just that we should keep looking and they’ll keep calling us, they wanted to speak to you.’

I didn’t say anything, just kept looking into the distance. I was lost in thought, ‘Whatever situation you find yourself in, derive a point of benefit.’ Verses from the Qur’an began to come to mind. One particular ayah that played over my mind was:

أَوَلَمْ نُمَكِّن لَّهُمْ حَرَماً آمِناً يُجْبَى إِلَيْهِ ثَمَرَاتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ رِزْقاً مِن لَّدُنَّا وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ
‘… Have We not established for them a sanctuary (Makkah) made safe and secure, to which are brought fruits of all kinds, a provision from Ourselves, but most of them know not.’ [al-Qasas]

Another one was:

وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَـذَا الْبَلَدَ آمِناً وَاجْنُبْنِي وَبَنِيَّ أَن نَّعْبُدَ الأَصْنَامَ
“And remember when Ibrahim  said: “O my Lord! Make this city (Makkah) one of peace and security, and keep me and my sons away from worshipping idols.” [Ibrahim]

Without doubt, this was a land of safety and security. Whatever is lost is most certainly in the care of Allah `azza wa jall and just as He protects the land, likewise does He protect its people.

It is in circumstances like these when situations turn and one finds themselves completely incapable of doing anything, that a person begins to realise what it means to be an ‘Abd (slave) of Allah. When you find yourself at a loss, you realise your place in this world and you realise your position with regards to your Maker. When you see that no matter what you do, the situation isn’t getting any better, you realise that power is not a right of yours, it never was. When you begin to suffer a little, start to lose your ground and hope becomes a fading shadow, you realise what it means to believe. And it is only when you realise all this, that you taste the sweetness of belief – the Power of Allah, the amazing case of al-Qadr and al-Qadha’ (fate/destiny) and then the delights of submitting to the Will of Allah is experienced by your heart and surely, after the tremble, it will fall into some ease.

رِزْقاً مِن لَّدُنَّا
“… a provision from Ourselves…”

A family friend of ours who later heard of the incident made an interesting observation. He said that losing family members in Hajj/’Umrah was part of one’s ‘Ibadah. It took me a moment to register what he was saying, but I soon realised what he meant. In a way, losing my grandma was a sort of provision. Can a loss be a provision? Sort of… I felt like I was provided with a way to Allah, an avenue to further draw closer to Allah and without doubt I felt my Iman increase more: my rukoo’ in the ‘Asr salah was not the same as it had been in Dhuhr and my sujood in Maghrib was definitely not the same as it was in ‘Asr.

I realised that on that day, it wasn’t really about losing my grandma… it was about seizing the opportunity to draw closer to Allah and establish worship in an apparently difficult situation.

My brother sighed, ‘It’s official,’ he said, ‘Grandma is missing.’

I don’t know why that statement threw me off. For the first time during this incident, I felt fear and panic in my heart. But instead I said, ‘Nah, she’s in Jeddah, really, I’m sure she got fed up with us looking for a dumb ride that she decided to go and make the journey herself.’ I actually really believed what I was saying, maybe because grandma can be like that.

My brother on the other hand was starting to lose it.
‘Look, even if she went to Jeddah, don’t you think she would’ve got there by now? It only takes 45mins to get there, not hours on end!’
Without a doubt, he was right. It had been 5 hours.

Dusk fell and the adhan for Maghrib prayer began to sound.

I had begun to blame myself for the way things had turned out. ‘Why didn’t I just stay with her?’ ‘Had I upset her in any way before she disappeared?’ ‘Was I to blame in the Sight of Allah?’ I remembered what I had said to my mother the day we were leaving for ‘Umrah: ‘Don’t worry mum, I’ll take full care of gran and make sure she eats well!’ What care was it if I returned without her?

As we began to pray salat al-Maghrib, my worry of all this being my fault began to heighten and I panicked lest the Imam should recite an ayah regarding parents or fulfilling trusts or responsibility. I think I would’ve fainted if he did because anyone in my shoes would take it as a ’sign’ and maybe even a rebuking! I’m sure many of you have also experienced this; when a matter concerns you, somehow in the prayers the Imam recites verses on that topic concerning you or you’re walking and you hear verses on that topic or you’re just reading a book and come across verses on that very topic!

It was Imam Mahir al-Mu3ayqali and alhamdulillah he didn’t recite anything that caused me to pass out. I was so relieved in fact that I can’t even recall what he recited in that salah! Relief was followed by more relief.

‘… Have We not established for them a sanctuary (Makkah) made safe and secure, to which are brought fruits of all kinds, a provision from Ourselves, but most of them know not.’

It was almost time for salat al-’Isha when amidst our continuous (and hopeless) searches, I received a phone-call from Jeddah. ‘Great,’ I thought, ‘they want another update.’

‘Yeah, erm we still haven’t found her but we’re looking,’ I said.
Then I tried my luck: ‘Erm, has she turned up at all?’
‘Yes, she has.’

‘Huh?! Has she come?!’
‘Yeah, she just came now.’
Subhan’Allah. All I said and to be frank, all I could say was: Subhan’Allah.

I called my brother to give him the news. He returned from what was probably his 20th search with a noticeable hop in his walk lol. In the taxi back to Jeddah, we realised how exhausted (and hungry) we were… shattered, we couldn’t even speak. My brother sat quietly, I could tell he was ready to dose off. Then he turned to me and said, ‘Hey, at least you got your wish… You got to pray in the Haram until Maghrib!’ Ha, a faint laugh was all I could manage. Now that just put a whole new meaning to the verse: ‘… a provision from Ourselves, but most of them know not.’ And praying the obligatory prayers in the Haram (worth 100,000 rewards each) is most definitely a ‘provision.’

The greatest irony of it all? My grandma’s name is Makkah.

I thought it would never happen, but it did. My brother and I lost our grandma outside the Haram after Jumu’ah on Friday. What absolute disasterness (yes, I know there is no such word).

It was our last day in Makkah, due back in Jeddah. I suggested we wait until Maghrib and then travel back instead of going straight after Jumu’ah in the heat (my sly plan of trying to pray there as much as I could), but grandma wanted to go back to Jeddah as soon as possible to run some last minute errands. Now, my grandma is not someone you can argue with, guaranteed you’ll lose every argument so I agreed and we set off in the scorching 45 C temp. to get our ride back to Jeddah. My brother and I split up in finding a good taxi for the sake of grandma as her feet had been hurting for a few weeks. When we told her we were getting a taxi she refused and said that she wanted a bus! Oh man, so we went to find a bus. A pretty ta3baan microbus pulled up next to us but it was just what grandma wanted so we got her in but soon afterwards we realised that they couldn’t take our luggage. So we got off again, by this time grandma was getting pretty frustrated. So I took her to the pavement behind me and told her ‘Ok, we’ll go and get another ride, but please stay here, Gran, otherwise we might lose you,’ I said it sarcastically, little realising how true my words would be.

There were so many people around the mawqif that day, the Haram had been packed with worshippers who were now on the streets, some carrying their luggage, others getting into cars, buses honking, drivers shouting out destinations and prices… it was noisy, crowded and hot – the last thing I wanted that day was for us to lose each other. Off we went in different directions speaking to different drivers – some of the drivers are as sly as foxes. One actually made me laugh; we asked him ‘So how much for Jeddah?’ He tilted his head to one side, took a deep sigh and said with a fantastic degree of confidence “120 SR!” Lol. “What, and do I look like a foreigner to you?” is my usual sarcastic response to such daylight robbery (the rides are about 10SR per person btw). Anyway, we finally found something alhamdulillah. My brother loaded the luggage and got in, I went to get grandma. I looked but she wasn’t at the place I left her. Hmm, I looked behind parked buses and walked up further to see if she went to sit elsewhere, but there was no sign of her. Hurriedly I went round again double-checking all the spots, but she was nowhere to be found. I went back to my brother,

‘Is she here?’ I asked.

‘No.’

‘Subhanallah, I can’t seem to find her.’ Off I went again but soon returned without luck. Everyone in the bus was waiting for us so I said to him, ‘Hey, get off the bus man, I think we’ve lost grandma.’

‘What?!’ says my bro. ‘Isn’t she where you left her?’

‘No man, she’s not.’

He jumped off and started getting the luggage off, sweating as if someone poured water all over him, ‘What do you mean she’s not there?’

‘I’m serious, I looked everywhere, she’s not here.’

‘I can’t believe this. Ok, you stay here and I’ll look for her.’

He went up and down the street, looked behind walls, checked every place of shade, and checked every place that had seats or people sitting. Nothing.

It was my turn; I went off again, checked the other side of the street, looked from a raised platform, and scanned the area. Subhanallah, on any other day this may have been easier but it was Friday after Jumu’ah in the busiest mosque in the entire world. To top it off, the sun was beating down hard and making it difficult to look in the distance. My brother rang me on my mobile,

‘Did you find her?’

‘No, nothing.’

‘Ok, come back, I’ll go again.’

He went and returned. I noticed he was getting worried and perhaps scared. So I said, ‘She’s gone to Jeddah.’

‘What?’

‘Trust me, she’s in Jeddah.’ More than anything I think I was just trying to ease his nerves.

He sighed. ‘What if she’s lying somewhere, passed out or something?’

‘Don’t be silly, she’s safe insha’Allah.’

‘You don’t know that.’

He was right, I didn’t. All these different thoughts started to pour into my mind. What if this happened, what if that happened? She hadn’t been eating properly and she had difficulty walking, what if something really did happen to her. I wouldn’t be able to forgive myself. My throat was dry, I couldn’t speak much. But I couldn’t let on that I was worried or panicky as I didn’t want to make him feel any more uneasy.

‘Hey listen, why don’t you grab a drink for us, look for her on your way, yeah?’ I told him. He got us some cold drinks, but they became warm within minutes – the heat was a right killer.

‘Asr adhan went off. The no. of people coming out of the hotels to go to the mosque grew in number and the place became even more overpopulated and noisy. It was hopeless finding anyone in this chaos. We went and prayed in the courtyard of the Haram, constantly keeping watch for our lost one.

My brother must’ve had more faith in me than I thought. He phoned our relatives in Jeddah to see if she had arrived there. But she wasn’t there.

‘They said they haven’t heard from her.’

‘Did they say anything else?’ I asked.

‘No, just that we should keep looking and they’ll keep calling us, they wanted to speak to you.’

I didn’t say anything, just kept looking into the distance. I was lost in thought, ‘Whatever situation you find yourself in, derive a point of benefit.’ Verses from the Qur’an began to come to mind. One particular ayah that played over and over my mind was:

أَوَلَمْ نُمَكِّن لَّهُمْ حَرَماً آمِناً يُجْبَى إِلَيْهِ ثَمَرَاتُ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ رِزْقاً مِن لَّدُنَّا وَلَكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ

‘… Have We not established for them a sanctuary (Makkah) made safe and secure, to which are brought fruits of all kinds, a provision from Ourselves, but most of them know not.’

Another one was:

وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَـذَا الْبَلَدَ آمِناً وَاجْنُبْنِي وَبَنِيَّ أَن نَّعْبُدَ الأَصْنَامَ

“And remember when Ibrahim said: “O my Lord! Make this city (Makkah) one of peace and security, and keep me and my sons away from worshipping idols.” [Ibrahim: 35]

Without doubt, this was a land of safety and security. Whatever is lost is most certainly in the care of Allah `azza wa jall and just as He protects the land, likewise does He protect its people.

It is in circumstances like these when situations turn and one finds themselves completely incapable of doing anything, that a person begins to realise what it means to be an ‘Abd (slave) of Allah. When you find yourself at a loss, you realise your place in this world and you realise your position with regards to your Maker. When you see that no matter what you do, the situation isn’t getting any better, you realise that power is not a right of yours, it never was. When you begin to suffer a little, start to lose your ground and hope becomes a fading shadow, you realise what it means to believe. And it is only when you realise all this, that you taste the sweetness of belief – the Power of Allah, the amazing case of al-Qadr and al-Qadha’ (fate/destiny) and then the delights of submitting to the Will of Allah is experienced by your heart and surely, after the tremble, it will fall into some ease.

رِزْقاً مِن لَّدُنَّا

“… a provision from Ourselves…”

A family friend of ours who later heard of the incident made an interesting observation. He said that losing family members in Hajj/’Umrah was part of one’s ‘Ibadah. It took me a moment to register what he was saying, but I soon realised what he meant. In a way, losing my grandma was a sort of provision – I felt like I was provided with a way to Allah, an avenue to further draw closer to Allah and without doubt I felt my Iman increase more: my rukoo’ in the ‘Asr salah was not the same as it had been in Dhuhr and my sujood in Maghrib was definitely not the same as ‘Asr.

I realised that on that day, it wasn’t really about losing my grandma… it was about seizing the opportunity to draw closer to Allah and establish worship in an apparently difficult situation.

My brother sighed, ‘It’s official,’ he said, ‘Grandma is missing.’

I don’t know why that statement threw me off. For the first time during this incident, I felt fear and panic in my heart. But instead I said, ‘Nah, she’s in Jeddah, really, I’m sure she got fed up with us looking for a dumb ride that she decided to go and make the journey herself.’ I actually really believed what I was saying, maybe because grandma can be like that.

My brother on the other hand was starting to lose it.

‘Look, even if she went to Jeddah, don’t you think she would’ve got there by now? It only takes 45mins to get there, not hours on end!’

Without a doubt, he was right. It had been 5 hours.

‘Trust me, she’ll be there. It’s Friday, I’m sure there’s a lot of traffic from here to Jeddah.’

Dusk fell and the adhan for Maghrib prayer began to sound.

I had begun to blame myself for the way things had turned out. ‘Why didn’t I just stay with her?’ ‘Had I upset her in any way before she disappeared?’ ‘Was I to blame in the Sight of Allah?’ I remembered what I had said to my mother the day we were leaving for ‘Umrah: ‘Don’t worry mum, I’ll take full care of gran and make sure she eats well!’ What care was it if I returned without her?

As we began to pray salat al-Maghrib, my worry of all this being my fault began to heighten and I panicked lest the Imam should recite an ayah regarding parents or fulfilling trusts or responsibility. I think I would’ve fainted if he did because anyone in my shoes would take it as a ’sign’ and maybe even a rebuking! I’m sure many of you have also experienced this; when a matter concerns you, somehow in the salawat the Imam recites verses on that topic concerning you or you’re walking and you hear verses on that topic or you’re just reading a book and come across verses on that very topic!

It was Shaykh Mahir al-Mu3ayqali and alhamdulillah he didn’t recite anything that caused me to pass out. I was so relieved in fact that I can’t even remember what he recited in that salah! I just cried and cried.

‘… Have We not established for them a sanctuary (Makkah) made safe and secure, to which are brought fruits of all kinds, a provision from Ourselves, but most of them know not.’

It was almost time for salat al-’Isha when amidst our continuous (and hopeless) searches, I received a phone-call from Jeddah. ‘Great,’ I thought, ‘they want another update.’

‘Yeah, erm we still haven’t found her but we’re looking.’

Then I tried my luck: ‘Erm, has she turned up at all?’

‘Yes, she has.’

I refused to believe I heard it at first.

‘Huh?! Has she come?!’

‘Yeah, she just came now.’

Subhan’Allah. All I said and to be frank, all I could say was: Subhan’Allah.

In the taxi back to Jeddah, we realised how exhausted (and hungry) we were… shattered, we couldn’t even speak. My brother sat quietly, he was ready to dose off I could tell. Then he turned to me and said, ‘Hey, at least you got your wish. You got to pray in the Haram until Maghrib!’ Ha, a faint laugh was all I could manage. Now that just put a whole new meaning to the verse: ‘… a provision from Ourselves, but most of them know not.’ And praying the obligatory prayers in the Haram is definitely a ‘provision.’


5 Principles of Prayer

June 25, 2009

As-salamu `alaykum wa rahmatullah

“Just as the prayer has been built upon 5 principles: Qira’ah (recitation), Qiyam (standing), Rukoo‘ (bowing), Sujood (prostration) and Dhikr (remembrance), it has also been named as such.

The prayer has been called ‘Qiyam‘ in the verse:

قُمِ اللَّيْلَ إِلَّا قَلِيلاً
Stand (to pray) all night, except a little.” [al-Muzzammil: 2]

And in:

وَقُومُواْ لِلّهِ قَانِتِينَ
“… And stand before Allah with obedience” [al-Baqarah: 238]

It has been called Qira’ah in:

وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُوداً
“… and recite the Qur’an in the early dawn (i.e. the morning prayer). Verily, the recitation of the Qur’an in the early dawn is ever witnessed.”
[al-Isra: 78]

And:

فَاقْرَؤُوا مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنْهُ
“… So recite as much of the Quran as may be easy…” [al-Muzzammil: 20]

It has also been termed ‘Rukoo‘ in:

وَارْكَعُواْ مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ
“… And bow down along with the Raki’un (those who bow in prayer).” [al-Baqarah: 43]

وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمُ ارْكَعُوا لَا يَرْكَعُونَ
“And when it is said to them: “Bow down yourself (in prayer)!” They bow not down.” [al-Mursalat: 48]

And again it’s been named Sujood in:

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَكُن مِّنَ السَّاجِدِينَ
“So glorify the praises of your Lord and be of those who prostrate themselves (to Him).”
[al-Hijr: 98]

وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِبْ
“… Fall prostrate and draw near to Allah!” [al-'Alaq: 19]

And finally it has been called Dhikr in:

فَاسْعَوْا إِلَى ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ
“… come to the remembrance of Allah (i.e. the Friday prayer)…” [al-Jumu'ah: 9]

لَا تُلْهِكُمْ أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ
“… Let not your properties or your children divert you from the remembrance of Allah (i.e. prayer).” [al-Munafiqun: 9]

Ibn al-Qayyim: ‘The most honourable of actions (in the salah) is the sujood and the most honourable of adhkar (words of remembrance) is recitation. The first chapter revealed to the Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam) was:

اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ
“Read in the Name of your Lord…”
[al-'Alaq]

It begins with the command to read and it ends with the command to prostrate. So each unit of prayer has been established upon this, its first part is recitation and its end is that of prostration.’

['Asrar al-Salat', by Ibn al-Qayyim]

ssThe Prayer is built upon 5

Just as the prayer has been built upon 5 principles: Qira’ah (recitation), Qiyam (standing), Rukoo’ (bowing), Sujood (prostration) and Dhikr (remembrance), it has also been termed with these.

The prayer has been called ‘Qiyam’ in the verse:

قُمِ اللَّيْلَ إِلَّا قَلِيلاً

Stand (to pray) all night, except a little.” [al-Muzzammil: 2]

And in:

وَقُومُواْ لِلّهِ قَانِتِينَ

“… And stand before Allah with obedience” [al-Baqarah: 238]

It has been called Qira’ah in:

وَقُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ إِنَّ قُرْآنَ الْفَجْرِ كَانَ مَشْهُوداً

“… and recite the Qur’an in the early dawn (i.e. the morning prayer). Verily, the recitation of the Qur’an in the early dawn is ever witnessed.” [al-Isra: 78]

And:

فَاقْرَؤُوا مَا تَيَسَّرَ مِنْهُ

“… So recite as much of the Quran as may be easy…” [al-Muzzammil: 20]

It has also been termed ‘Rukoo’ in:

وَارْكَعُواْ مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ

“… And bow down along with the Raki’un (those who bow in prayer).” [al-Baqarah: 43]

وَإِذَا قِيلَ لَهُمُ ارْكَعُوا لَا يَرْكَعُونَ

“And when it is said to them: “Bow down yourself (in prayer)!” They bow not down.” [al-Mursalat: 48]

And again it’s been named Sujood in:

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَكُن مِّنَ السَّاجِدِينَ

“So glorify the praises of your Lord and be of those who prostrate themselves (to Him).” [al-Hijr: 98]

وَاسْجُدْ وَاقْتَرِبْ

“… Fall prostrate and draw near to Allah!” [al-'Alaq: 19]

And finally it has been called Dhikr in:

فَاسْعَوْا إِلَى ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ

“… come to the remembrance of Allah (i.e. the Friday prayer)…” [al-Jumu'ah: 9]

لَا تُلْهِكُمْ أَمْوَالُكُمْ وَلَا أَوْلَادُكُمْ عَن ذِكْرِ اللَّهِ

“… Let not your properties or your children divert you from the remembrance of Allah.” [al-Munafiqun: 9]

Ibn al-Qayyim: ‘The most honourable of actions (in the salah) is the sujood and the most honourable of adhkar (words of remembrance) is recitation. The first chapter to be revealed upon the Prophet (sallallahu `alayhi wa sallam) was:

اقْرَأْ بِاسْمِ رَبِّكَ

“Read in the Name of your Lord…” [al-'Alaq: 1]

It begins with the command to read and it ends with the command to prostrate…’


Qur’an Bearers: Nobles of this Ummah

April 30, 2009

As-salamu `alaykum wa rahmatullah

Update: I’ll be on a break for about 2 months, so unfortunately no updates until after then. But I leave you with this beautiful piece below…

Imam al-Jazari’s praise for the Qur’an bearer – taken from the Muqaddimah of ‘Tayyibat al-Nashr.’

وبعد: فالإنسان ليس يشرف *** إلا بما يحفظه ويعرف
A person is not honoured or raised
Except by what he knows and has memorised

لذاك كان حاملو القرآن *** أشراف الأمة أولى الإحسان
For that reason the bearers of Qur’an
Are the nobles of this Ummah and its righteous

وإنهم في الناس أهل الله *** وإن ربنا بهم يباهي
And they are the people of Allah amongst Mankind *
And indeed our Lord has boasted of them


وقال في القرآن عنهم وكفى *** بأنه أورثه من اصطفى
He spoke of them in the Qur’an, and it is sufficient
That He gives it (the Qur’an) to those He has chosen **

وهو في الأخرى شافع مشفع *** فيه وفوله عليه يسمع
And in the Hereafter, it is an ardent intercessor
And its statement is something surely heard

يعطى به الملك مع الخلد إذا *** توجه تاج الكرامة كذا
By it a person is given the dominion and immortality
And likewise, he is given the crown of honour

يقرا ويرقى درج الجنان *** وأبواه منه يكسيان
He’ll read and ascend the ranks of Paradise by it
And his parents will also be clothed by it ***

فليحرص السعيد في تحصيله *** ولا يمل قط من ترتيله
So let a person strive to attain it
And let him never tire of its recitation.

____

* Due to the hadith: ‘Indeed Allah has people from amongst Mankind. The people of Qur’an, they are the people of Allah and His Specialties.’ [Ahmad, Ibn Majah]

** Due to the verse in Soorah Fatir:

ثُمَّ أَوْرَثْنَا الْكِتَابَ الَّذِينَ اصْطَفَيْنَا مِنْ عِبَادِنَا فَمِنْهُمْ ظَالِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ وَمِنْهُم مُّقْتَصِدٌ وَمِنْهُمْ سَابِقٌ بِالْخَيْرَاتِ بِإِذْنِ اللَّهِ ذَلِكَ هُوَ الْفَضْلُ الْكَبِيرُ

“Then We gave the Book for inheritance to such of Our slaves whom We chose…” [Fatir: 32]

*** Due to the hadith: ‘The Qur’aan will meet its companion on the Day of Resurrection when his grave is opened for him, in the form of a pale man. It will say to him, ‘Do you recognize me?’ He will say: ‘I do not recognize you.’ It will say: ‘I am your companion the Qur’aan, who kept you thirsty on hot days and kept you awake at night. Every merchant benefits from his business and today you will benefit from your good deeds.’ He will be given dominion in his right hand and eternity in his left, and there will be placed on his head a crown of dignity, and his parents will be clothed with priceless garments the like of which have never been seen in this world. They will say: ‘Why have we been clothed with this?’ It will be said: ‘Because your son used to recite Qur’aan.’ Then it will be said to him: ‘Recite and ascend in the degrees of Paradise,’ and he will continue to ascend so long as he recites, either at a fast pace or a slow pace.’ [Ahmad, Ibn Majah]